Abstract
Objectives: The objective of this study was to investigate the demographic variables and hemato-biochemical investigation of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in buffaloes in some selected coastal areas of Bhola district, Bangladesh.
Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted in the selected coastal regions of Bhola district, Bangladesh, from July 2020 to June 2021. A total of 180 randomly selected buffaloes were investigated by a tuberculin test (CZV Bovine Tuberculin purified protein derivative). Blood and serum samples were also collected for routine blood analysis and biochemical study in the present study.
Results: The prevalence of bTB was recorded at 3.33% in buffaloes in the study area. The highest prevalence of the disease was recorded in older age (4%) and female buffaloes (4.17%). bTB was the highest in poor health buffaloes (4.21%), followed by medium (3.33%) and good health conditions (0.00%). In the present study, total erythrocyte count, hemoglobin, and packed cell volume (PCV) values were lower in infected individuals as compared with healthy buffaloes. In contrast, the PCV count was significantly lower in infected buffaloes. On the other hand, the erythrocyte sedimentation rate values were comparatively higher in disease-positive buffaloes than in healthy individuals. Total leukocyte count was relatively higher in infected buffaloes than in healthy ones. In the differential leukocyte count, neutrophil, basophil, eosinophil, and monocyte numbers were comparatively higher in infected buffaloes. Monocyte numbers were significantly higher in infected buffaloes. However, the lymphocyte numbers were more or less similar in healthy and tuberculosis-positive animals. Biochemical values of calcium, phosphorus, glucose, cholesterol, and creatinine were comparatively lower in tuberculosis-affected animals. Among the values, the glucose, phosphorus, and cholesterol levels were significantly lower in TB-affected buffaloes. The values of total protein, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, and serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase were comparatively higher in TB-affected individuals.
Conclusion: The findings of the present study might be helpful to assess the economic importance and preventive measures of bTB in the study area.

Key words: Bovine tuberculosis; demographic variables; hemato-biochemical values; coastal areas of Bangladesh